psutil/_psutil_linux.c:11:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

Q
following error occurs during installation

psutil/_psutil_linux.c:11:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
error: Setup script exited with error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
A
install python header
example for Debian and Python2.6
aptitude install python2.6-dev